Archive for the ‘ Planning ’ Category

영어 프레젠테이션 시 꼭 알아두어야 할 5가지 팁!


1. 프레젠테이션 내용을 제발 읽지 마세요! 네, 압니다. 제가 이 내용을 여러분들께 얼마나 많이 말씀드렸는지…. 하지만 이 내용은 정말 중요한 사항입니다. 그래서, 전 죽을때까지 이 문구를 반복해서 여러분들께 말씀드릴 겁니다.ㅎㅎ 프레젠테이션 내용을 읽지말라고 말씀드리는 이유는 아주 간단합니다. 발표자가 내용을 읽다보면, 청중에게 집중하지 못하고 읽고있는 슬라이드에만 포커스를 두게 되어, 결국 청중들이 지루해 죽고싶을만큼 딱 재미없는 프레젠테이션이 되기 때문입니다. 슬라이드 내용을 읽다보면, 여러분 목소리에 담겨져 있는 톤, 열정 그리고 여러분의 그 넘치던 열의 모두를 잃어버리게 됩니다. 이로 인해 여러분의 프레젠테이션은 마치 로봇이 프레젠테이션 하는 것 처럼 딱딱하게 들리고, 결국엔 지루하고 재미없는 프레젠테이션이 되어버리는 것입니다.


2. 슬라이드에 텍스트 대신 이미지를 사용합시다! 슬라이드에 텍스트를 넣다보면, 청중들은 당연히 그것을 읽게 됩니다. 이건 과학자들이 증명한 것인데, 인간의 뇌는 동시에 읽고 듣기를 할 수 없다고 합니다. 그러므로, 여러분의 슬라이드에 너무 많은 텍스트를 넣다 보면, 청중들은 여러분의 발표에 귀기울이지 않고 텍스트 읽기에만 집중하게 됩니다. 청중들이 슬라이드의 텍스트만 읽는다면, 발표자인 여러분이 그 곳에 있어야할 이유가 없는 것입니다. 그러나, 텍스트 대신 여러분이 말하고자 하는 것과 연관된 이미지를 사용한다면, 청중은 발표자의 말과 함께 자신의 상상력을 그 이미지에 매치시킴으로써 여러분이 전하고자 하는 메세지를 진정으로 이해하게 되는 놀라운 경험을 겪게 되는 것입니다. 그러므로, 여러분의 영어 발음이 뛰어나게 훌륭하지 않더라도, 이미지를 사용함으로써 여러분의 단어가 청중에게 더 깊이 이해될 수 있다는 점을 꼭 기억하셨으면 합니다.


3. 연설대에서 멀어지세요! 보수적인 국가 (이것은 그저, 미국 또는 유럽인들의 개방적인 사고방식과 비교하고자 함이지, 다른 뜻은 없다는 것을 알아주셨으면 합니다) 에서 오신 분들의 가장 큰 문제점 중의 하나가, “공손한” 문화적 배경때문에 프레젠테이션을 할 때, 강의대나 연설대 뒤에서, 계속 서서 진행을 한다는 것입니다. 그러나 문제는, 여러분이 이런식으로 프레젠테이션을 진행하면, 영어권 청중들은 발표자가 자신감이 없으며 긴장하고 있다고 느끼게 됩니다. 미국 및 유럽의 영어권 청중들은, 발표자가 강단 주위를 걸어다니며, 많은 손,팔동작을 이용하면서 발표자의 열정을 몸으로 보여주기를 원합니다. 팔은 몸에 딱 붙인채 나무처럼 움직이지 않고 계속 연설대에 서서 하는 프레젠테이션은, 자신감이 없어보이고 심지어 프레젠테이션을 지루하게까지 만들기도 합니다. 다음에 프레젠테이션을 하실 때에는, 연설대에서 한발짝 물러나 청중을 한눈에 볼 수 있도록 앞쪽 중간에 서서 진행해 보시기 바랍니다.


4. 천천히 말하기! 국제적인 청중앞에서 프레젠테이션을 하게 될 때, 비영어권 청중들도 꽤 자주 만나게 됩니다. 만약 여러분이 말을 너무 빠르게 한다면, 당연히 비영어권 청중들이 발표자가 말한 모든 부분을 이해하기는 매우 힘들 것 입니다. 이와 똑같이, 여러분의 모국어가 영어가 아니기 때문에, 프레젠테이션 시 구사하는 영어 발음이 모두 다 완벽할 수는 없습니다. 이로 인해, 영어권 청중들이 발표자가 사용하는 단어나 문구를 전부 다 이해하기는 힘들 것 입니다. 그러므로, 여러분의 고귀한 청중들을 위해 “천천히” 그리고 “신중하게” 말하고, 청중의 이해력을 돕기 위해 어려운 단어들은 이미지를 사용하여 쉽게 풀어나가시기 바랍니다.


5. 쉬운 언어 사용하기! 발표자들이 범하기 쉬운 가장 큰 실수가, 청중들이 발표자 자신과 동등하게 전문 지식을 보유하고 있다고 단정짓는 것입니다. 하지만 청중은 여러분과 동일한 지식을 보유하고 있지 않다는 것을 꼭 이해해 주셨으면 합니다. 청중들이 전혀 이해할 수 없는 단어들과 문장들을, 여러분들도 가끔 사용하게 될 때가 있습니다. 아주 좋은 예로, 한국의 의사들은 한글과 영문 두가지 버전으로 의학용어를 배웁니다. 그러나 한글 용어로 폐암인 의학 용어를 영어로 배울때는 우리가 흔히 아는 “ Lung Cancer” 가 아닌 “carcinoma of the lung” 으로 배웁니다. 메디컬 컨퍼런스에는 의사가 아닌 제약 영업 대표와 같은 일반인들도 많이 참여하게 되는데, 이런 일반분들 중 “carcinoma of the lung”이 폐암이라는 것을 아시는 분은 몇 분 안되실거라 생각합니다. 제가 정말 어려워하는 단어인 “myocardial infarction”는 “심장마비” 라는 뜻이지만, 일반 청중들이 “myocardial infarction”라는 단어를 듣는다면, 고개를 갸우뚱하게 될 것입니다. 그러므로 여러분! 프레젠테이션에서는 단순하고 이해하기 쉬운 단어들을 사용하십시오. 그러면 모든 분야의 청중들이 여러분의 메세지를 전부 이해할 수 있을 것 입니다.


이 팁들은 이전에도 많이 언급되왔던 내용들입니다. 하지만, 너무 중요하다고 생각되기 때문에 다시한번 이렇게 강조하고자 포스트를 씁니다. 여러분들께 유익한 자료가 되었으면 합니다.

Handling Questions

One of the biggest fears presenters have is the question and answer session that follows their presentation. This understandable. Fear comes from not knowing whether you will understand the question, or whether the question asked is one that you know the answer to. However, there is a way you can prepare for questions before your presentation that can help to remove your fears.

During the planning stage you will need to think carefully about when or whether to allow questions. In general, the smaller the audience, the more difficult it is to avoid answering questions. If you are presenting to 2000 people, then answering questions would be impractical (although I know that in some cases there is a Q&A session after the talk) However, if you are presenting to around 10 people, it would be almost impossible to avoid having to answer questions.

The secret here is to plan for questions. You can predict the kind of questions you will be asked, and if you cannot predict them, have a colleague or friend listen to your presentation and have them ask you questions. You will be able to judge the kind of questions you will be asked from this short exercise.

When planning for questions, make a note of the questions you think might be asked. Anticipate what the subjects will be asked about. In a product launch, if you have not already told your audience, they will want to know the price of your new product. They may perhaps want to know what margin you will be giving them. There is no excuse for not knowing the answers to these simple and basic questions. So find out!

There will of course be times when you will be asked a question that you simply do not know the answer to. Be prepared for these questions too. Depending on the type of question asked, have an honest answer ready. If you do not know the answer, be honest. Tell the questioner that you will get back to them later when you have the answer. Do not try and answer a question that you do not know the answer to, it is unprofessional and you will be found out.

If you do not understand what the questioner asked, because they spoke too quickly, or their pronunciation is not very good, just ask the questioner to repeat the question more slowly. Saying “I’m sorry, could you repeat your question a little slower” is not embarrassing or telling everyone that your English is not good, it is polite, and professional.

If you are not sure exactly what the questioner asked, repeat the question you think they asked, nine times out of ten the questioner will agree that you understand correctly and then you can answer the question.

So, do not fear the Q&A session – Prepare for it.


What we can learn from a Formula 1 Pit Crew

I must first confess my love of Formula 1 racing before I begin writing this post. I have been a huge fan of Formula 1 since the early 1990s when Nigel Mansell and Ayrton Senna were drivers, and I remember the tragic accident in 1994 when Ayrton Senna died.

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Photo courtesy of Flickr creative commons - Photo owned by fox2mike

Yesterday saw the opening of the 2010 Formula 1 Grand Prix, and as usual I was sat riveted to my seat watching both the qualifying and the race. While I was watching it I was struck by the awesomeness of the pit crews. (For those of you wondering what a pit crew is – the pit crew are the people responsible for changing the tyres on the car when it comes in for a pit stop) The pit crews involved in yesterday’s Bahrainian Grand Prix, were changing four tyres in less than four seconds! – that is incredible.

But this got me thinking – how do you prepare for such a high pressure event, where just one simple mistake can cost your team a winning race? The simple answer is practice. Pit crews of all the teams involved in the world of Formula 1 practice, practice and practice again until they can do the tyre change with their eyes shut. They even practice for things going wrong. They simulate problems and they work out the best and quickest solutions to these problems, then they practice handling these problems over and over again until they can deal with the problem in the quickest possible time.

When we do a presentation, quite often there is a team of people involved. You may be the presenter, the driver, but behind you are the people who are making the projector work, your computer sing and for large events someone ensuring that your audience are comfortable. These people are your pit crew.

I wonder how many companies involved in giving presentations today, think about the people who are making sure everything works? How many of these companies have their ‘technical’ staff practice for when things go wrong? My guess in pretty much none of them.

And therein lies a problem. In today’s world we need to be well practiced – and that includes you, the presenter, we need to be prepared for anything and we need to know what to do when things go wrong. We need to work together as a team, because quite often when we present to a customer, the prize for success can run into millions of dollars.

So next time you present, make sure that your team is prepared, practiced as much as you, and ready for anything. Not only will you look incredibly professional, but you will dramatically improve you presentation success.

Cinderalla – Why it is so popular

Why is the Cinderella fairy tale so popular around the world? The story has slight variations in different countries, but essentially the story is the same wherever it is told.

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The basic story goes that Cinderalla was happily living with her mother and father, when her mother sadly died. Her father remarried, and Cinderella’s new step mother and her two daughters treated Cinderella very badly. One day Cinderella was visited by a fairy godmother who cast a spell that turned Cinderella’s rags into a beautiful gown and she was able to go to the Royal Ball. At the Ball CInderalla met the Prince who immediately fell in love with her. At the stroke of midnight, Cinderalla had to leave as her beautiful gown was to turn back in to rags. The Prince tried desperately to find Cinderella but only found her missing glass slipper.

The Prince launched a search for Cinderalla and eventually found her and they married and lived happily ever after.

There are perhaps many reasons why Cinderella is so popular, it is romantic, it has drama and it has a happy ending. But perhaps one of the things that makes Cinderella so popular is that it follows a common theme of a person experiencing hard times and then over coming those hard times to enjoy success.

When you are presenting, keeping in mind the basic themes of Cinderella can really help you to develop the story of your presentation. Remember to include drama, a little romance (if possible) and show the difficulties you overcame to achieve the success.

Action!

When preparing your presentation, think carefully about the words you use.

I am not saying that you need to think carefully about your sentences, I prefer people to be natural and allow their sentences to take on a life of their own, what I am say is that you should build in what is commonly called “Action Verbs”

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Action verbs are verbs that describe an action. For example: build, create, design and sell. These words have a very positive meaning and have the ability to catch the attention of your audience. What they do is describe in a positive way something that you or your company have achieved (another action verb)

A great way to build these in to your presentation is through your planning. When you plan your presentation, write down between ten and twenty action verbs. Then when you are translating your notes into English, make sure that you use these verbs.

For example:

“In 2002 we decided to apply for a permit to hold a Formula One race here in Korea. We built our plan around a modern concept creating unique features and designing one of the best racing tracks in the world.

It has taken almost eight years of dedicated hard work, selling and negotiating to get where we are today, but I am please to announce that from 2010, South Korea will have the honour of holding it’s first Formula One Grand Prix.

And we are ready. We have built a fantastic racetrack, designed some of the most cutting edge features and created a complex that the whole of South Korea can be proud of.”

By building in these action verbs, you create a sense of action and power in your presentation and it gives your audience something to be interested in.

Mixing the action verbs with some power adjectives is one of the most effective ways of delivering a memorable and exciting presentation.

Always take a backup file

Last week, a student of mine delivered a presentation in front of 600 people. My student is a Mac user, and therefore we had spent many hours preparing his slides in Apple’s Keynote. We had designed some really cool slide transitions to help demonstrate some points, we had also used a few videos as backdrops. When my student arrived at the venue (early, as I always teach) he discovered that for some reason his MacBook did not work properly with the projector being used at the venue.

Now in many cases, presenters do not think “what happens if something goes wrong?” I always make sure my students have a copy of their presentation saved on a USB drive in PowerPoint format (fortunately Keynote allows you to save your files as PowerPower). In this case my student was able to use his backup PowerPoint file to deliver his presentation.

And this brings me to the main point. Always, always and always prepare a backup file of your presentation. Even if you have prepared your file in PowerPoint, save a copy onto a USB drive. You never know what might go wrong with your computer. If you have prepared a Keynote file, save a copy of it as PowerPoint and so if you do have problems at venues with dated technology, or connectors, you can use someone else’s computer to deliver your presentation.

Another good practice is to save any unusual fonts that you might be using onto your USB drive. I gave a presentation last year, where I had to use someone else’s computer. Unfortunately, the computer I used did not have the same fonts that I had. I learned that I needed to make sure that I took copies of my fonts so that if I had to use another computer my presentation would not suffer.

So remember, backup, backup and backup.

Never Forget Your Core Message

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Much is written about your core message when giving a presentation. And this is justified.

When we give a presentation, we are delivering a message to our audience. In that message there will be a main point, or what is more commonly called “your core message”. That main point has to be the focus of your presentation. Unfortunately, when we delivery a 45 minute presentation, that core message can often get lost. We then go off the main topic and never return to it. This is when we forget our core message.

What happens then, is our audience becomes confused and very likely unable to remember the information you wanted them to remember.

So how do we prevent this from happening?

It really all comes down to our planning. Too many times when we begin a presentation we open our presentation software, and then start writing our slides. Planning this way (if you can really call that planning) almost always results in a confused and detached presentation with no core message.

What we should be doing is planning on paper.

Write the main theme, topic or message in the middle of a piece of paper, then branch off subjects and themes you wish to talk about. Below is an example of how this might look:

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By writing the main message in the middle of the page, you maintain your focus on the core message when you are planning and so are unlikely to digress off the subject.

It is really that simple. By following this method, you maintain your focus on your core message and your presentation will flow that much easier. This is yet another reason why you should never open your presentation software before you plan on paper.

Don’t overdo the animation

Animating your slides can really make your presentation come alive. Sadly, as with all great tools, animation is quite often abused and some presenters overdo the animation. When animation is overdone, the message in your presentation is often lost as your audience is more interested in what will be the next animation.

However, animating your slides can be really useful when you want to bring in information slowly. It is not a good idea to put all the information you want to talk about onto a slide and have your audience see what you are about to say. Human nature means that your audience will always read ahead of you. The best way to handle this is to build in some ‘builds’ – “Build” means bringing in your text or image in stages. For example:

I use my presentation software to teach my business English classes. Quite often I begin a class with a series of discussion questions. However, I do not want my students to be thinking of the next question, I want them focussed on the question I want answering at the moment. To achieve this I bring each question in using my animation tools (in this case a build)

In the example below, I have taken 4 slides, and written the question I want to ask on each slide. I have then used the transition function to create a small, simple animation. The animation creates flow and movement within my presentation, but it does so in a way that my audience will not be focussed on my animation.

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Remember, my goal is to have student focus on the question and not the animation. This means when I am putting together my questions, I am first thinking of my audience, and second thinking of the animation.

Here is a short video of the finished result:



I hope this little post helps you think a little more creatively about your slides. If anyone does have a specific tutorial request, please feel free to leave a message on this blog and I will be happy to write a tutorial for you.

A worthwhile presentation podcast

Just came across this 5 minute podcast on preparing for your presentation. While it is not perfect, it does not talk about the importance of planning your material, it does give you some pointers on what questions you should ask before you give your presentation:

these questions include:

What does your audience want?

What do you want?

What do you want your audience to take away from your presentation?

You can link to the podcast directly here:

I had a good listen to many of Stever Robins’ podcasts yesterday at the Get it Done Guy’s website and recommend that you all have a look through as there are a lot of useful ideas and tips here.

Using Slideshow to plan your presentation

Here’s a trick you can use to help you plan your next presentation. In both PowerPoint and Keynote there is a view mode that enables you to see all your slides side by side. In Keynote the view is called “Light Table”

Keynote’s Light Table view

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PowerPoint’s “slide Sorter”s view

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In this sample you can easily view all your slides in one screen. This enables you to move slides around, create your story and do some editing.

You can also use this view to plan your presentation by placing your different parts in the view first. Then add a number of blank slides for each part.

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This is very useful once you have written out your outline with pen and paper and you have reached the stage where you want to build your slides. It helps you to maintain your theme, and coordinate your story.

I hope this proves useful to you all when you next plan a presentation.